Presenters:Jennifer Wells, Ph.D. Candidate | History "Fighting for the Liberty of America': BlackVeteranhoodand the Nebulous State of Race Relations in Postwar Virginia." Amy Earhart, Associate Professor | English "The Millican Massacre: Networked Racial Violence and Archival Restitution"Abstracts:WellsThe same Black Patriots who suffered the pangs of starvation, thrashed in feverish delirium assmallpox ravaged their skin, endured the excruciating pain of seventeen-inch bayonets andfestering bullet wounds, and survived the dread of being held as prisoners of wardemanded recognition for their sacrifices—not as people of color but as citizens of the United States.Their tangible contributions emboldened them to assert the rights and privileges they believed werejustifiably theirs. Using federal and state pension applications, land grants, laws, petitions to theVirginia General Assembly, deeds of manumission, wills, newspapers, and private letters, this paperdemonstrates the diverse experiences Black servicemen encountered during the war and underscores the ambiguities that characterized its aftermath. It argues that citizenship remained contestedfollowing the conflict, with some occupying an ambiguous place within the social hierarchy andlegal landscape.EarhartMy talk will discuss ongoingresearch into the 1868 Millican massacre, the deadliest race violence in reconstruction Texas and, as such, widely reported in the US and abroad.During my Glasscock supported researchatthe American Antiquarian Society Ilocatedover 500 newspaper articles that discuss the events during the July 15-17 massacreincluding evolving eyewitness accounts by Black Millican freedmen.Using methodologies and techniques developed within Black digital humanitiesI will discuss my plans to map newspaper transmission on contemporary information technology systems, such as the railroad and telegraph, which I believe will give us a better understanding of howthe massacre shaped political responses to Texas, the South, and concepts of race.   Chair: Elizabeth Carlino | Geography  Please note that this is not a lecture, and thus, is not suited for class attendance. The Colloquium Series is intended to provide the presenter with a forum to discuss their research and receive feedback from colleagues and peers.

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